Injury Analysis of Child Passenger According to the Types of Safety Restraint Systems in Motor Vehicle Crashes

Kang Min Sung; Sang Chul Kim; Hyuk Jin Jeon; Yeong Soo Kwak; Young Han Youn; Kang Hyun Lee; Jong Chan Park; Ji Hun Choi

doi:10.20408/jti.2015.28.3.98

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Injury Analysis of Child Passenger According to the Types of Safety Restraint Systems in Motor Vehicle Crashes: Kang Min Sung, Sang Chul Kim, Hyuk Jin Jeon, Yeong Soo Kwak, Young Han Youn, Kang Hyun Lee, Jong Chan Park, Ji Hun Choi; J Trauma Inj 2015;28(3):98-103
DOI: https://doi.org/10.20408/jti.2015.28.3.98
Published online: September 30, 2015

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¹Department of Emergency Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Konkuk University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
²Department of Emergency Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Konkuk University Chungju Hospital, Chungju, Republic of Korea. arahan@kku.ac.kr
³Department of Mechatronics, Korea University of Technology & Education, Cheonan, Republic of Korea.
⁴Department of Emergency Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea.
⁵Traffic Accident Analysis Division, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Republic of Korea.

Received: 29 April 2015 • Revised: 24 August 2015 • Accepted: 4 October 2015

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Abstract

PURPOSE
To compare injury sustained and severity of child occupant according to the types of safety restraint systems in motor vehicle crashes.
METHODS
This was a retrospective observational study. The study subjects were child occupants under the age of 8 years who visited a local emergency center following a motor vehicle crash from 2010 to 2014. According to safety restraint: child restraint systems (CRS), belted, and unbelted, we compared injuries sustained and injury severity using the maximal Abbreviated Injury Scale (MAIS) and Injury Severity Score (ISS), and analyzed the characteristics of severe injuries (AIS2+).
RESULTS
Among 241 subjects, 9.1% were restrained in CRS, 14.5% were only belted, and 76.3% was unbelted at the time of the crashes. Fourteen had severe injuries (AIS2+), all of whom didn't be restrained by CRS. Injuries in face and neck were the highest in unbelted group, and MAIS and ISS were the lowest in CRS group.
CONCLUSION
Among safety restraint systems for child occupant in motor vehicle crashes, the CRS have the preventive effect of face and neck injuries, and are the most effective safety restraint systems.

Keywords: Child Traffic accidents Child restraint systems Injury severity score Abbreviated injury scale

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