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11 "Epidemiology"
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Original Articles
Traumatic peripheral nerve injuries in young Korean soldiers: a recent 10-year retrospective study
Chul Jung, Jae-hyun Yun, Eun Jin Kim, Jaechan Park, Jiwoon Yeom, Kyoung-Eun Kim
J Trauma Inj. 2024;37(3):192-200.   Published online August 8, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.20408/jti.2024.0001
  • 523 View
  • 18 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose
Traumatic peripheral nerve injury (PNI), which occurs in up to 3% of trauma patients, is a devastating condition that often leads to permanent disability. However, knowledge of traumatic PNI is limited. We describe epidemiology and clinical characteristics of traumatic PNI in Korea and identify the predictors of traumatic complete PNI. Methods: A list of enlisted soldier patients who were discharged from military service due to PNI over a 10-year period (2012–2021) was obtained, and their medical records were reviewed. Patients were classified according to the causative events (traumatic vs. nontraumatic) and injury severity (complete vs. incomplete). Of traumatic PNIs, we compared the clinical variables between the incomplete and complete PNI groups and identified predictors of complete PNI. Results: Of the 119 young male patients who were discharged from military service due to PNI, 85 (71.4%) were injured by a traumatic event; among them, 22 (25.9%) were assessed as having a complete injury. The most common PNI mechanism (n=49, 57.6%), was adjacent fractures or dislocations. Several injury-related characteristics were significantly associated with complete PNI: laceration or gunshot wound, PNI involving the median nerve, PNI involving multiple individual nerves (multiple PNI), and concomitant muscular or vascular injuries. After adjusting for other possible predictors, multiple PNI was identified as a significant predictor of a complete PNI (odds ratio, 3.583; P=0.017). Conclusions: In this study, we analyzed the characteristics of enlisted Korean soldiers discharged due to traumatic PNI and found that the most common injury mechanism was adjacent fracture or dislocation (57.6%). Patients with multiple PNI had a significantly increased risk of complete injury. The results of this study contribute to a better understanding of traumatic PNI, which directly leads to a decline in functioning in patients with trauma.
Summary
Epidemiology and clinical characteristics of posttraumatic hospitalized patients with symptoms related to venous thromboembolism: a single-center retrospective study
Hyung Su Park, Sung Youl Hyun, Woo Sung Choi, Jin-Seong Cho, Jae Ho Jang, Jea Yeon Choi
J Trauma Inj. 2022;35(3):159-167.   Published online June 10, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.20408/jti.2021.0052
  • 2,491 View
  • 71 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose
The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiology of trauma inpatients with venous thromboembolism (VTE) symptoms diagnosed using computed tomographic angiography (CTA) in Korea
Methods
In total, 7,634 patients admitted to the emergency department of Gachon University Gil Medical Center, a tertiary hospital, and hospitalized between July 1, 2018 and December 31, 2020 were registered for this study. Of these patients, 278 patients who underwent CTA were enrolled in our study.
Results
VTE was found in 120 of the 7,634 patients (1.57%), and the positive diagnosis rate of the 278 patients who underwent CTA was 43.2% (120 of 278). The incidence of VTE was statistically significantly higher among those with severe head and neck injuries (Abbreviated Injury Scale, 3–5) than among those with nonsevere head and neck injuries (Abbreviated Injury Scale, 0–2; P=0.038). In a subgroup analysis, the severe and nonsevere head and neck injury groups showed statistically significant differences in known independent risk factors for VTE. In logistic regression analysis, the adjusted odds ratio of severe head and neck injury (Abbreviated Injury Scale, 3–5) for VTE was 1.891 (95% confidence interval, 1.043–3.430).
Conclusions
Trauma patients with severe head and neck injuries are more susceptible to VTE than those with nonsevere head and neck injuries. Thus, physicians must consider CTA as a priority for the diagnosis of VTE in trauma patients with severe head and neck injuries who show VTE-associated symptoms.
Summary
Epidemiology of Facial Bone Fractures During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic: A Single Korean Level I Trauma Center Study
Min Ji Kim, Kyung Min Yang, Hyoseob Lim
J Trauma Inj. 2021;34(4):233-241.   Published online December 24, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.20408/jti.2021.0098
  • 4,224 View
  • 110 Download
  • 3 Citations
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose

The medical community has been heavily impacted by the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. The management of facial trauma patients has been affected by the patient capacity of emergency rooms. In this study, we share our experiences of facial trauma management during the social lockdown period and investigate the epidemiological changes in facial bone fractures.

Methods

A total of 997 patients who presented to Ajou University Hospital Emergency Center and were evaluated by plastic or maxillofacial surgeons for facial trauma were included in this retrospective study. Our study design was a comparative study of two groups: the 2019 group (control) and the 2020 group (the experimental group that experienced social lockdown).

Results

The total number of emergency room inpatients reflected the national pandemic trends with three peaks in patient numbers. According to these trends, facial bone fractures had two different low points in August 2020 and December 2020. A comparison of the 2019 and 2020 facial bone fractures did not show a statistically significant difference in the total number of patients. An analysis of the causes of trauma showed that domestic accidents increased in 2020 (30.92%; p<0.001). Among the anatomical sites of facial injury in surgical patients, the frontozygomatic complex fracture increased the most in 2020 (p=0.018). Facial injuries with two separate sites of injury or with three or more involved sites also showed a significant increase in 2020 (p<0.001).

Conclusions

We demonstrated that the incidence of facial trauma patients correlated with the incidence of patients presenting to the emergency department and that facial trauma is inextricably related to multi-trauma cases. Domestic accidents and facial trauma with multiple anatomically involved sites are increasing trends that need more attention.

Summary

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Impact of the COVID‐19 Pandemic on the Incidence, Etiology, Demographics, and Treatment of Craniomaxillofacial Trauma
    F. Jeffrey Lorenz, Andrew J. Rothka, Heather K. Schopper, Jessyka G. Lighthall
    Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Changes in Injury Pattern and Outcomes of Trauma Patients after COVID-19 Pandemic: A Retrospective Cohort Study
    Myungjin Jang, Mina Lee, Giljae Lee, Jungnam Lee, Kangkook Choi, Byungchul Yu
    Healthcare.2023; 11(8): 1074.     CrossRef
  • The Trend of Change in Oral and Maxillofacial Injuries of Pediatric Patients in the COVID-19 Pandemic: a Regional Emergency Medical Center and Dental Hospital Study
    Suebin Choi, Chankue Park, Jonghyun Shin, Taesung Kim, Eungyung Lee
    THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN ACADEMY OF PEDTATRIC DEN.2023; 50(3): 318.     CrossRef
The impact of COVID-19 on trauma patients and orthopedic trauma operations at a single focused training center for trauma in Korea
Wonseok Choi, Hanju Kim, Whee Sung Son, Seungyeob Sakong, Jun-Min Cho, Nak-Jun Choi, Tae-Wook Noh, Namryeol Kim, Jae-Woo Cho, Jong-Keon Oh
J Trauma Inj. 2022;35(3):195-201.   Published online December 1, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.20408/jti.2021.0078
  • 3,519 View
  • 76 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on the volume of trauma patients, the number of orthopedic trauma operations, and the severity of injuries. We also investigated the correlations between social distancing and these variables.

Methods

This was a retrospective review of trauma patient cases at a single focused training center for trauma in Korea from January 2017 to April 2021. The COVID-19 group included patients treated from January 1 to April 30 in 2020 and 2021, and the control group included patients treated during the same months from 2017 to 2019. The volume of trauma patients according to the level of social distancing was evaluated among patients treated from August 2, 2020 to November 23, 2020.

Results

The study included 3,032 patients who presented to the emergency department with traumatic injuries from January to April 2017 to 2021. The average number of patients was 646.7 and 546.0 in the control and COVID-19 groups, respectively. The percentage of patients injured in traffic accidents (TAs) decreased from 25.0% to 18.2% (p<0.0001). The proportions of in-car TAs and pedestrian TAs also decreased from 6.7% and 10.8% to 3.5% and 6.0%, respectively (p=0.0002 and p<0.0001). The percentage of bicycle TAs increased from 2.4% to 4.0% (p=0.0128). The proportion of patients with an Injury Severity Score above 15 and the mortality rate did not change significantly. As the level of social distancing increased, the number of trauma patients and the number of trauma injuries from TAs decreased. The number of orthopedic trauma operations also depended on the social distancing level.

Conclusions

The number of trauma patients presenting to the emergency department decreased during the COVID-19 period. The volume of trauma patients and orthopedic trauma operations decreased as the social distance level increased.

Summary
Characteristics of injuries associated with electric personal mobility devices: a nationwide cross-sectional study in South Korea
Maro Kim, Dongbum Suh, Jin Hee Lee, Hyuksool Kwon, Yujin Choi, Joo Jeong, Sola Kim, Soyun Hwang, Joong Wan Park, You Hwan Jo
J Trauma Inj. 2022;35(1):3-11.   Published online October 28, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.20408/jti.2021.0044
  • 17,839 View
  • 136 Download
  • 5 Citations
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose
The increasing use of electric personal mobility devices (ePMDs) has been accompanied by an increasing incidence of associated accidents. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of ePMD-related injuries and their associated factors. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the Emergency Department-based Injury In-depth Surveillance database from 2014 to 2018. All patients who were injured while operating an ePMD were eligible. The primary outcome was the rate of severe injury, defined as an excess mortality ratio-adjusted Injury Severity Score of ≥25. We calculated the adjusted odds ratios (AORs) of outcomes associated with ePMD-related injuries. Results: Of 1,391,980 injured patients, 684 (0.05%) were eligible for inclusion in this study. Their median age was 28 years old, and most injuries were sustained by men (68.0%). The rate of ePMD-related injuries increased from 3.1 injuries per 100,000 population in 2014 to 100.3 per 100,000 population in 2018. A majority of the injuries occurred on the street (32.7%). The most commonly injured area was the head and face (49.6%), and the most common diagnosis was superficial injuries or contusions (32.9%). Being aged 55 years or older (AOR=3.88; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.33–11.36) and operating an ePMD while intoxicated (AOR=2.78; 95% CI 1.52–5.08) were associated with severe injuries. Conclusions: The number of emergency room visits due to ePMD-related injuries is increasing. Old age and drunk driving are both associated with serious injuries. Active traffic enforcement and safety regulations regarding ePMDs should be implemented to prevent severe injuries caused by ePMD-related accidents.
Summary

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Retrospective analysis of nonfatal skeletal injuries sustained in road incidents involving electric scooters
    Maxim S. Siedin, Semyon S. Plis, Vladimir A. Klevno, Aleksandr V. Maksimov, Alexander A. Plashchinskiy
    Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine.2024; 10(2): 160.     CrossRef
  • The epidemiology and outcomes of severe road traffic injury by road user type in Korea: A nationwide retrospective observational study
    Gyeongmin Lee, Jeong Ho Park, Seung Chul Lee, Sanghun Lee, Kyoung Jun Song, Sang Do Shin
    Injury.2024; 55(10): 111732.     CrossRef
  • Helmet wearing and related factors among electric personal mobility device users in Korea
    Eunbi Kim, Taehun Kim, Sojeong Park, Sohyun Park, Juhwan Park, Junhyeok Lee, Junhyung Lee, Mi Ah Han
    Health Promotion International.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Exploring e-scooter riders’ risky behaviour: survey, observation, and interview study
    Young Woo Kim, Seul Chan Lee, Sol Hee Yoon
    Ergonomics.2024; : 1.     CrossRef
  • Types of injuries caused by isolated electric scooter accidents
    Kyongwon Yoo, Hyung Il Kim
    Journal of Trauma and Injury.2022; 35(4): 232.     CrossRef
Characteristics and Outcomes of Patients with Bicycle-Related Injuries at a Regional Trauma Center in Korea
Yoonhyun Lee, Min Ho Lee, Dae Sang Lee, Maru Kim, Dae Hyun Jo, Hyosun Park, Hangjoo Cho
J Trauma Inj. 2021;34(3):147-154.   Published online June 4, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.20408/jti.2020.0066
  • 4,480 View
  • 125 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose

We analyzed the characteristics and outcomes of patients with bicycle-related injuries at a regional trauma center in northern Gyeonggi Province as a first step toward the development of improved prevention measures and treatments.

Methods

The records of 239 patients who were injured in different types of bicycle-related accidents and transported to a single regional trauma center between January 2017 and December 2018 were examined. This retrospective single-center study used data from the Korea Trauma Database.

Results

In total, 239 patients experienced bicycle-related accidents, most of whom were males (204, 85.4%), and 46.9% of the accidents were on roads for automobiles. Forty patients (16.7%) had an Injury Severity Score (ISS) of 16 or more. There were 125 patients (52.3%) with head/neck/face injuries, 97 patients (40.6%) with injuries to the extremities, 59 patients (24.7%) with chest injuries, and 21 patients (8.8%) with abdominal injuries. Patients who had head/neck/face injuries and an Abbreviated Injury Score (AIS) ≥3 were more likely to experience severe trauma (ISS ≥16). In addition, only 13 of 125 patients (10.4%) with head/neck/face injuries were wearing helmets, and patients with injuries in this region who were not wearing helmets had a 3.9-fold increased odds ratio of severe injury (AIS ≥2).

Conclusions

We suggest that comprehensive accident prevention measures, including safety training and expansion of safety facilities, should be implemented at the governmental level, and that helmet wearing should be more strictly enforced to prevent injuries to the head, neck, and face.

Summary
Effects of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic on Outcomes among Patients with Polytrauma at a Single Regional Trauma Center in South Korea
Sun Hyun Kim, Dongyeon Ryu, Hohyun Kim, Kangho Lee, Chang Ho Jeon, Hyuk Jin Choi, Jae Hoon Jang, Jae Hun Kim, Seok Ran Yeom
J Trauma Inj. 2021;34(3):155-161.   Published online June 4, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.20408/jti.2020.0064
  • 4,566 View
  • 132 Download
  • 9 Citations
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has necessitated a redistribution of resources to meet hospitals’ service needs. This study investigated the impact of COVID-19 on a regional trauma center in South Korea.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed cases of polytrauma at a single regional trauma center in South Korea between January 20 and September 30, 2020 (the COVID-19 period) and compared them to cases reported during the same time frame (January 20 to September 30) between 2016 and 2019 (the pre-COVID-19 period). The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality, and secondary outcomes included the number of daily admissions, hospital length of stay (LOS), and intensive care unit (ICU) LOS.

Results

The mean number of daily admissions decreased by 15% during the COVID-19 period (4.0±2.0 vs. 4.7±2.2, p=0.010). There was no difference in mechanisms of injury between the two periods. For patients admitted during the COVID-19 period, the hospital LOS was significantly shorter (10 days [interquartile range (IQR) 4–19 days] vs. 16 days [IQR 8–28 days], p<0.001); however, no significant differences in ICU LOS and mortality were found.

Conclusions

The observations at Regional Trauma Center, Pusan National University Hospital corroborate anecdotal reports that there has been a decline in the number of patients admitted to hospitals during the COVID-19 period. In addition, patients admitted during the COVID-19 pandemic had a significantly shorter hospital LOS than those admitted before the COVID-19 pandemic. These preliminary data warrant validation in larger, multi-center studies.

Summary

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Patientensicherheit bei differenzierter (innerklinischer) Schockraumaktivierung für Schwerverletzte
    S. Hagel, K. R. Liedtke, S. Bax, S. Wailke, T. Klüter, P. Behrendt, G. M. Franke, A. Seekamp, P. Langguth, A. Balandin, M. Grünewald, D. Schunk
    Die Unfallchirurgie.2023; 126(6): 441.     CrossRef
  • Characteristics of Patients With Traumatic Brain Injury in a Regional Trauma Center: A Single-Center Study
    Mahnjeong Ha, Seunghan Yu, Byung Chul Kim, Jung Hwan Lee, Hyuk Jin Choi, Won Ho Cho
    Korean Journal of Neurotrauma.2023; 19(1): 6.     CrossRef
  • Changes in Injury Pattern and Outcomes of Trauma Patients after COVID-19 Pandemic: A Retrospective Cohort Study
    Myungjin Jang, Mina Lee, Giljae Lee, Jungnam Lee, Kangkook Choi, Byungchul Yu
    Healthcare.2023; 11(8): 1074.     CrossRef
  • Análise do atendimento primário de pacientes vítimas de violência interpessoal e autodirigida durante a pandemia da COVID-19
    HELOÍSA MORO TEIXEIRA, ANGEL ADRIANY DA-SILVA, ANNE KAROLINE CARDOZO DA-ROCHA, MARIANA ROTHERMEL VALDERRAMA, RAFAELLA STRADIOTTO BERNARDELLI, VITÓRIA WISNIEVSKI MARUCCO SILVA, LUIZ CARLOS VON BAHTEN
    Revista do Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgiões.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Analysis of primary care of victims of interpersonal and self inflicted violence during the COVID-19 pandemic
    HELOÍSA MORO TEIXEIRA, ANGEL ADRIANY DA-SILVA, ANNE KAROLINE CARDOZO DA-ROCHA, MARIANA ROTHERMEL VALDERRAMA, RAFAELLA STRADIOTTO BERNARDELLI, VITÓRIA WISNIEVSKI MARUCCO SILVA, LUIZ CARLOS VON BAHTEN
    Revista do Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgiões.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Comparison of Clinical Characteristics of Traumatic Brain Injury Patients According to the Mechanism Before and After COVID-19
    Jonghyun Sung, Jongwook Choi, Kum Whang, Sung Min Cho, Jongyeon Kim, Seung Jin Lee, Yeon gyu Jang
    Korean Journal of Neurotrauma.2023; 19(3): 307.     CrossRef
  • Outcomes improvement despite continuous visits of severely injured patients during the COVID-19 outbreak: experience at a regional trauma centre in South Korea
    Sooyeon Kang, Ji Eun Park, Ji Wool Ko, Myoung Jun Kim, Young Un Choi, Hongjin Shim, Keum Seok Bae, Kwangmin Kim
    BMC Emergency Medicine.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the epidemiology of traffic accidents: a cross-sectional study
    ANGEL ADRIANY DA SILVA, GABRIELA REDIVO STRÖHER, HELOÍSA MORO TEIXEIRA, MARIA VICTÓRIA GUTIERREZ CORDEIRO, MARCIA OLANDOSKI, LUIZ CARLOS VON-BAHTEN
    Revista do Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgiões.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Impacto da pandemia da COVID-19 na epidemiologia dos acidentes de trânsito: um estudo transversal
    ANGEL ADRIANY DA SILVA, GABRIELA REDIVO STRÖHER, HELOÍSA MORO TEIXEIRA, MARIA VICTÓRIA GUTIERREZ CORDEIRO, MARCIA OLANDOSKI, LUIZ CARLOS VON-BAHTEN
    Revista do Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgiões.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
Epidemiology and Incidence of Orthopedic Fractures in the Military of the Republic of Korea
Sung Jin An, Sang Hyun Lee, Gi-Ho Moon
J Trauma Inj. 2021;34(1):50-56.   Published online November 30, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.20408/jti.2020.0046
  • 3,839 View
  • 95 Download
  • 1 Citations
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose

Fractures are common in the military population, but limited studies have investigated the incidence of fractures among Korean military personnel. Hence, this study aimed to clarify this issue.

Methods

Eligible subjects were patients who had sustained a fracture and were registered in the N-DEMIS (the medical records system of participating hospitals) from June 2017 to May 2019. Fractures were categorized according to the fracture site, patients’ age, sex, and type of duty.

Results

In total, 23,687 patients with 23,981 fractures were included. There were 216 patients with multiple fractures, of whom 156 had fractures at two sites, 42 had fractures at three sites, and 18 had fractures at four sites. Of the 23,687 patients, 23,340 were men and 347 were women. The incidence of fractures in men and women was 12.96 per 1,000 person-years and 0.19 per 1,000 person-years, respectively. In terms of the broad location of fractures, the percentage of fractures was the highest in the hand, followed by the foot and lower leg. When the location of fractures was analyzed more specifically, the percentage of fractures was the highest in the phalanx (thumb and fingers), followed by the ankle and metacarpal bones.

Conclusions

Hand, foot, ankle, and wrist fractures were the most commonly encountered fractures in the Korean military population. To prevent the loss of combat power due to non-battle-related injuries, thorough preparation is necessary, including protective equipment and preliminary training for areas with a high frequency of fracture occurrence.

Summary

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Exercise for the Prevention of Musculoskeletal Injuries in Soldiers
    Hoyong Sung, Geon Hui Kim, On Lee, Jaewoo Kim, Kyoung Bae Kim, Hyo Youl Moon, Yeon Soo Kim
    The Korean Journal of Sports Medicine.2024; 42(1): 1.     CrossRef
Epidemiologic Analysis of Burns in Military Hospital
Jangkyu Choi, Sejin Park, Hyun Chul Kim
J Trauma Inj. 2017;30(4):145-157.   Published online December 30, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.20408/jti.2017.30.4.145
  • 4,324 View
  • 45 Download
  • 1 Citations
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose

We accessed epidemioloy of 908 acute burns (7 years) in the military, of injuries and propose proper educational programs to suit community.

Methods

We surveyed burn demographics, circumstances of injuries, size, result of treatment.

Results

The mean age was 20.6 years. The flame burns (FB) (325, 35.8%) were most common, followed scald (SB) (305, 33.6%), contact (CB) (219, 24.1%), electric (EB) (45, 5.0%) and chemical burns (ChB) (14, 1.5%). The more occurred during winter (29.7%). SB had mean 3.9% total body surface area (TBSA). The 251 (82.3%) had superficial burns by spillage of hot water/food on lower limbs (45.6%), feet (33.8%) in summer (34.8%), treated with simple dressing (92.8%). Morbidity rate was 5.6%; post traumatic stress disease (PTSD) (0.7%). FB had large wound (9.3% TBSA). The 209 (64.3%) had superficial burns by ignition to flammable oils (31.7%) and bomb powders (29.2%) on head/neck (60.3%), hands (58.6%) in summer (31.7%), autumn (30.2%). They underwent simple dressing (83.4%) and skin graft (16.0%). Morbidity rate was 18.8%; PTSD (10.5%), inhalation injuries (4.0%), corneal injury (3.7%), amputations (0.9%), and mortality rate (1.2%). CB had small (1.1% TBSA), deep burns (78.5%) by hotpack (80.4%) on lower limbs (80.4%). The more (59.8%) underwent skin graft. EB had 6.8% TBSA. The 29 (64.4%) had superficial burns by touching to high tension cable (71.1%) on hand (71.1%), upper limbs (24.4%) in autumn (46.8%). They underwent simple dressing (71.1%) and skin graft (24.4%). They showed high morbidity rate (40.0%); loss of consciousness (13.3%), nerve injuries (11.1%), neuropathy (8.9%), amputations (2.2%), and mortality rate (2.2%).

Conclusions

The cook should wear apron over the boots during work. The lighter or smoking should be strictly prohibited during work with flammable liquids or bomb powders. Don’t directly apply hotpack to skin for a long time. Use insulating glove during electric work. Keep to the basic can prevent severe injury and proper education is important.

Summary

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • The Immune and Regenerative Response to Burn Injury
    Matthew Burgess, Franklin Valdera, David Varon, Esko Kankuri, Kristo Nuutila
    Cells.2022; 11(19): 3073.     CrossRef
Clinical Analysis of Frostbite
Jang Kyu Choi, Hyun Chul Kim, Hong Kyung Shin
J Trauma Inj. 2015;28(3):158-169.   Published online September 30, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.20408/jti.2015.28.3.158
  • 2,311 View
  • 19 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
PURPOSE
Frostbite can affect still soldiers. Initial clinical manifestations are similar for superficial and deep frostbite, so early treatment is identical. It is under-estimated by physicians. We try to identify the challenges of managing these complex tissue injuries.
METHODS
A retrospective analysis of 84 patients hospitalized at AFCH from 2009 to 2015 was conducted. We investigated differences of epidemiological characteristics, identification of soft tissue injury, treatment and complications between superficial (SF: 43; 51.2%) and deep (DF: 41; 48.8%) frostbite.
RESULTS
The major (94.0%) developed frostbite in dry circumstances (89.3%). Wet circumstances (66.7%) were more susceptible to DF rather than dry (46.7%). The 38 (45.2%) arrived to specialist within 7days. Most prone sites were feet, followed by hands. Toes had more deep injuries. DF presented more increased levels of ALT, CPK, CKMB, CRP. The bone scan of W+S+ was 48.3%, 87.1% and W+S- was 20.7%, 12.9%, respectively. The treatment resulted in improved or normalized perfusion scan with matching clinical improvement. It was a good tool to assess treatment response. Eighteen normal and 8 stenotic type of PCR resulted in normal with matching clinical improvement. One continuous obstructive waveform led to minor amputation. Twelve underwent both PCR and MRA. Among 6 normal PCR, 5 showed normal and one stenosis in MRA. All 5 stenosis and one obstruction showed the same findings in MRA. It was a good tool to evaluate vascular compromise. They were treated with rapid rewarming (11.6%, 22.0%), hydrotherapy (16.3%, 29.3%), respectively. Six (14.6%) underwent STSG, 2 (4.9%) had digital amputation in DF. Berasil, Ibuprofen, Trental were commonly administered. PGE1 was administered selectively for 6.8, 10.8 days, respectively. Raynaud's syndrome (16.3%), CRPS (4.7%), LOM (14.6%) and toe deformity (4.9%) were specific sequelae.
CONCLUSION
We should recommend intensive foot care education, early rewarming and evacuation to specialized units. The bone scanning and PCR should allow for a more aggressive and active approach to the management of tissue viability.
Summary
The Epidemiology of Bicycle Injury in Korea: Patients Who Visited 55 Emergency Rooms
Bo In Kim, Jin Hee Jung, Koo Young Jung
J Korean Soc Traumatol. 2009;22(2):128-133.
  • 1,184 View
  • 4 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
PURPOSE
Bicycle riding is a healthy and cheap form of transportation and a popular form of recreation. This study aims to evaluate the epidemiology and the factors affecting the severity of bicycle-related injuries and to find effective methods for preventing injuries.
METHODS
This is a retrospective study of the patients' characteristics, the injury severity, the injury location, the effect of safety equipment on the bicycle injury based on information collected through the NEDIS (National Emergency Department Information System) from 1,284,429 patients who visited 55 emergency rooms nationwide.
RESULTS
During the research period throughout 55 emergency rooms 5,671 patients were seen because of bicycle injuries. The male-to-female ratio was 3.1:1, the median age 28 years old, and 42.6% of the patients were younger than 20 years old. Injury sites were mostly in the extremities(46.7%), the head(32.4%), and the face(14%), and 70.3% of severely injured patients had accompanying head trauma. Males aged 65 and older was possibly associated with severe head trauma. Of the patients who provided helmet information 4.8%(71 patients) used helmets, and 95.2%(1392 patients) did not. In this group of patients providing helmet information, none of those wearing helmets died, but 0.4% of those not wearing helmets died.
CONCLUSION
In this study, most bicycle injuries occurred in young adult men. From now, there seems to be a need for more effort on publicity activities on bicycle injuries and on the education of children and teenagers, who show a high incidence rate, and of senior citizens (over 65 years old) who show a high severity rate, about using a safety helmet to reduce the severity of injury.
Summary

J Trauma Inj : Journal of Trauma and Injury
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